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Genes bacterianos involucrados en degradación de Xenobióticos y defensa contra Patógenos en diferentes Microbiomas: una revisión documental.

dc.contributor.advisorPosada Buitrago, Martha Lucía
dc.contributor.advisorCuervo Alarcón, Laura Carolina
dc.contributor.authorRincón Aguilar, Lady Vivianne
dc.contributor.authorRosas Ariza, Liseth
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-10T21:00:39Z
dc.date.available2021-09-10T21:00:39Z
dc.date.issued2021-05-03
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicolmayor.edu.co/handle/unicolmayor/2837
dc.description.abstractEl uso inadecuado y excesivo de fertilizantes, insecticidas y demás sustancias empleadas para “mejorar” la calidad de los cultivos y controlar diferentes plagas, han ocasionado pérdidas no solo a nivel económico sino también medioambiental e incluso para la salud humana, ya que las alternativas actuales para el mantenimiento de los suelos y el control de insectos plaga han sido insuficientes. Por ello, es necesario la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas de control biológico ambientalmente sostenibles. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una investigación sobre los genes bacterianos potencialmente involucrados en degradación de xenobióticos y en defensa contra patógenos microbianos, mediante una revisión documental, donde se incluyó literatura científica, bases de datos bibliográficas, entre otras fuentes, con información de entidades nacionales e internacionales sobre el tema objeto de estudio. Se encontró que de un total de 118 genes bacterianos provenientes del microbioma de suelo, plantas e intestino de insectos, y pertenecientes a los filos Proteobacteria y Firmicutes principalmente, 30 tienen la capacidad de degradar xenobióticos y 88 confieren protección contra diferentes patógenos microbianos. Finalmente, se resalta la importancia de explorar nuevas alternativas que contribuyan al desarrollo de un control biológico ambientalmente sostenible.spa
dc.description.abstractThe inappropriate and excessive use of fertilizers, insecticides and other substances used to "improve" the quality of crops and control different pests, have caused losses not only economically but also environmentally and even for human health, since current alternatives for the maintenance of the soils and the control of pest insects have been insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new environmentally sustainable biological control alternatives. The objective of this work was to do an investigation on the bacterial genes potentially involved in the degradation of xenobiotics and in defense against microbial pathogens, through a documentary review, which included scientific literature, bibliographic databases, among other sources, with information on entities national and international on the subject under study. It was find that of a total of 118 bacterial genes from the microbiome of soil, plants and insect intestines, and mainly belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, 30 have the ability to degrade xenobiotics and 88 confer protection against different microbial pathogens. Finally, the importance of exploring new alternatives that contribute to the development of an environmentally sustainable biological control is highlighted.eng
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESUMEN 14 SUMMARY 15 1. Introducción 16 2. Objetivos 19 2.1. Objetivo general 19 2.2. Objetivos específicos 19 3. Antecedentes (estado del arte) 20 3.1. Bacterias asociadas a plantas 20 3.2. Bacterias asociadas al suelo 21 3.3. Bacterias asociadas a insectos 21 4. Marco teórico 25 4.1. Microbioma 25 4.1.1. Microbioma de las plantas 25 4.1.2. Microbioma del suelo 26 4.1.3. Microbioma del insecto 26 4.1.4. Factores que afectan a la diversidad microbiana 26 4.2. Degradación de xenobióticos 27 4.3. Protección contra patógenos 28 4.3.1. Sideróforos 28 4.3.2. Bacteriocinas 29 4.3.3. Policétidos 29 4.3.4. Sistemas de secreción 29 5. Diseño Metodológico 30 5.1. Tipo de investigación 30 5.2. Universo, población y muestra 30 5.2.1. Universo 30 5.2.2. Población 30 5.2.3. Muestra 30 6. Metodología 31 6.1. Revisión bibliográfica 31 6.2. Selección de material bibliográfico 31 6.3. Elaboración de la estructura del documento 32 7. Resultados 32 7.1. Revisión bibliográfica 32 7.2. Selección de material bibliográfico 32 7.3. Elaboración de la estructura del documento 35 7.3.1. Genes bacterianos encontrados con potencial para degradar xenobióticos 35 7.3.2. Genes bacterianos encontrados con potencial para proteger contra patógenos microbianos 39 7.3.3. Relación entre la taxonomía bacteriana y su potencial para degradar xenobióticos y proteger contra patógenos microbianos 42 7.3.4. Relación del filo taxonómico con los genes bacterianos potencialmente involucrados en la degradación de xenobióticos 44 7.3.5. Relación del filo taxonómico con los genes bacterianos potencialmente involucrados en la protección contra patógenos microbianos 45 7.3.6. Genes bacterianos con potencial para degradar ciertos tipos de xenobióticos 45 7.3.7. Genes bacterianos con potencial para producir compuestos involucrados en la protección contra patógenos bacterianos y fúngicos 46 7.3.8. Procedencia de las bacterias potencialmente involucradas en la degradación de xenobióticos y la defensa contra patógenos microbianos 48 8. Discusión 50 8.1. La taxonomía bacteriana y su potencial para degradar xenobióticos y proteger contra patógenos microbianos 50 8.2. Relación del filo taxonómico con los genes bacterianos potencialmente involucrados en la degradación de xenobióticos 50 8.3. Genes bacterianos con potencial para degradar ciertos tipos de xenobióticos 51 8.4. Genes bacterianos con potencial para producir compuestos involucrados en la protección contra patógenos bacterianos y fúngicos 51 8.5. Procedencia de las bacterias potencialmente involucradas en la degradación de xenobióticos y la defensa contra patógenos microbianos 52 9. Conclusiones 54 10. Referencias 55 Anexos 80spa
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dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarcaspa
dc.rightsDerechos Reservados - Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, 2021spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/spa
dc.titleGenes bacterianos involucrados en degradación de Xenobióticos y defensa contra Patógenos en diferentes Microbiomas: una revisión documental.spa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregradospa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameBacteriólogo(a) y Laboratorista Clínicospa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias de la Saludspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá D.Cspa
dc.publisher.programBacteriología y Laboratorio Clínicospa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)spa
dc.subject.lembMicrobiomas
dc.subject.lembPlagas
dc.subject.lembCultivos
dc.subject.proposalCompuestos xenobióticosspa
dc.subject.proposalInsecticidasspa
dc.subject.proposalProtección contra patógenosspa
dc.subject.proposalGenesspa
dc.subject.proposalBacteriasspa
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